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Commerzbank AG

FCA enforcement action, 2020

£38m
financial penalty
Money LaunderingAMLPRINCIPLES
Where this fine sits
Rank (largest first)
#8 of 44
Top percentile
Top 25%
vs. median fine
10.4x
smallestlargest

What failed

Long-running failure to conduct timely CDD and to fix known monitoring weaknesses despite internal warnings.

Read the final notice

The controls that would have caught it

These controls map directly to this failure. Open any one in the Control Builder to set your own thresholds, owners and systems, then export an implementation-ready spec.

In short, the firm needed

  • Periodic CDD refresh with overdue tracking
  • Remediation of known monitoring gaps to deadline
  • Automated coverage checks for un-monitored accounts
  • Senior accountability for backlog clearance

Expected Activity Profiling at Onboarding

Preventive

Customer Due Diligence

At sign-up, ask and record what normal looks like for this customer (how much, how often, to where) so monitoring can later spot when they behave nothing like that.

Starting threshold:
Profile mandatory for all customers; for higher-risk customers require itemised expected monthly turnover, expected corridors and expected counterparties. Flag for review where declared turnover exceeds 3x the income/turnover implied by occupation or filed accounts, or where declared geographies include high-risk jurisdictions not explained by the stated business.
First-line owner:
Onboarding / KYC Operations team
Design this control

Customer Risk Assessment & Rating

Preventive

Customer Due Diligence

Score each new and existing customer for money-laundering risk from clear factors (who they are, what they do, where they are) so the firm spends most effort on the riskiest ones.

Starting threshold:
3-band model: high if any override (sanctions nexus, PEP, high-risk-jurisdiction nexus per reg.33) OR weighted score >=70/100; medium 40-69; low <40. High = EDD + annual review; medium = standard CDD + biennial review; low = simplified where permitted + triennial review.
First-line owner:
KYC Operations / Onboarding team (with model owned by Compliance)
Design this control

High-Risk Corridor & Geography Monitoring

Detective

Transaction Monitoring

Watches payments to and from higher-risk countries and routes, and flags activity that does not fit the customer or looks designed to disguise where money is really going.

Starting threshold:
Any payment to/from a high-risk jurisdiction not in the customer's declared geographies; OR cumulative value to high-risk corridors > 2x declared expectation in a rolling 30 days; OR 5+ low-value payments to a single TF-risk geography in a rolling 30 days.
First-line owner:
Financial Crime Operations Analyst (transaction monitoring / sanctions-adjacent)
Design this control

Ongoing CDD & Periodic Review

Preventive

Ongoing Monitoring

Every customer's identity and risk information is refreshed on a fixed schedule so the firm never relies on stale onboarding data.

Starting threshold:
Periodic review cadence: high risk every 12 months, medium risk every 24 months, low risk every 36 months; review case opens 30 days before due date.
First-line owner:
KYC / Client Lifecycle Management team
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Trigger-Based (Event-Driven) Review

Detective

Ongoing Monitoring

When something material changes about a customer, the firm reviews them straight away instead of waiting for the next scheduled review.

Starting threshold:
Any catalogued trigger opens a review within 1 business day; high-severity triggers (sanctions/PEP confirmed match, SAR filed, change of control, new high-risk corridor exceeding GBP 10,000 in 30 days) escalate to enhanced review the same day.
First-line owner:
Financial Crime Operations / KYC Refresh team
Design this control

Dynamic Customer Re-Rating

Detective

Ongoing Monitoring

The customer's risk score is recalculated automatically from their real behaviour, so a customer who starts acting riskier is re-rated without waiting for a manual review.

Starting threshold:
Recompute scores nightly; auto-escalate the rating band when the residual score rises by 20 or more points or crosses a band boundary; require analyst sign-off before any rating downgrade takes effect.
First-line owner:
Financial Crime Analytics / Customer Risk team
Design this control

Agent & Distributor Oversight

Preventive

Ongoing Monitoring

The firm vets and keeps watch over the agents and distributors who sell or move money on its behalf, so a rogue or nested agent cannot smuggle dirty money through its rails.

Starting threshold:
Re-due-diligence high-risk agents annually and others every two years; flag any agent whose monthly volume rises by 50 percent or more versus its trailing 6-month average, or that transacts in a corridor not in its approved profile; cap and review any agent originating volume above the limit set in its agreement.
First-line owner:
Agent / Partner Management team
Design this control

SAR / STR Process & Timeliness

Corrective

Governance & Reporting

A clear, fast route for staff to raise a suspicion, for the MLRO to decide, and for a report to reach the authorities on time without tipping off the customer.

Starting threshold:
Internal report acknowledged by the nominated officer within 1 business day; SAR submitted to the NCA within 5 business days of the decision to disclose; DAML requested before any consent-dependent act, with no transaction processed against a pending defence.
First-line owner:
Financial Crime Operations / investigators raising and drafting internal reports
Design this control

Alert & Case Backlog Management

Corrective

Governance & Reporting

Stop financial crime alerts and cases piling up unworked by tracking how old they are, fixing the cause, and stepping in fast when the queue grows.

Starting threshold:
Standard alerts worked within their queue SLA (e.g. 5 business days); high-risk and sanctions items within 1-2 business days; backlog trigger at a defined threshold (e.g. >2% of open items past SLA, or any sanctions item past SLA) invoking the remediation playbook; oldest open item tracked and capped.
First-line owner:
Financial Crime Operations team lead (queue management and throughput)
Design this control

Typologies behind this case

Related enforcement cases

Enforcement data is sourced from the FCA fines dataset. The control mapping is an analyst view of what would have addressed the failings described in the public notice, not a statement of the regulator's findings.